Endometriosis is the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. This type of problem and other conditions such as adenomyosis can cause severe pain in the pelvic region and dark blemishes, similar to the color of coffee grounds, that can occur both during and between menstruation.
In these cases, the period, besides being dark, can also last up to 7 days. In case of suspicion, you should go to the gynecologist for an examination, analyses and recommendations for antibiotics, or another form of treatment, such as surgery.
However, this is normal and expected. There are some cases, though, where black discharge is a reason to see a doctor. Here are the symptoms to watch for. Your menstrual flow may be slower at the beginning and end of your period. As a result, the blood in your uterus may take longer to exit your body and change from the standard red to a dark brown or black. If you see black spotting before your period, it may also be blood left over from your last period.
Black discharge may be a sign that a foreign object is stuck in your vagina. This can happen if you accidentally put in a second tampon or forget about one at the end of your period.
Other common objects that may get stuck in the vagina include condoms, contraceptive devices like caps or sponges, and sex toys.
Over time, the object irritates the lining of your vagina and may cause an infection. Your cervix , which is located at the top of the vaginal canal, has only a small opening. In rare cases, you may develop toxic shock syndrome , a potentially life-threatening infection.
Sexually transmitted infections STIs , like gonorrhea or chlamydia , may cause bleeding and unusual discharge. Black discharge may mean that older blood is leaving the uterus or vaginal canal. Heavy vaginal discharge of any color with a foul odor is also a symptom of these infections. Without antibiotic treatment, they may spread from the vagina to your reproductive organs, causing PID. If left untreated, PID may lead to complications like chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Bleeding in early pregnancy is common , especially around the time of a late or missed period.
You may bleed as part of the implantation process , when the egg embeds itself in the uterine lining approximately 10 to 14 days after conception. If the blood takes some time to travel out of the vagina, it may look black.
Other signs of early pregnancy include:. Not all women experience implantation bleeding, and any bleeding you experience should be light. Brown discharge of all shades is typically a sign of old blood. When your flow is slow, the blood may take longer to exit your body. When blood stays in the uterus longer, it may become brown in color.
The blood may also be left over from your last period. The bleeding women experience for the first four to six weeks after delivering a baby is called lochia. It starts out relatively heavy. Then from day four onward, lochia may be pinkish or brownish in color. If you experience spotting during pregnancy , some of it may be brown if the active bleed has stopped. You may not experience heavy bleeding or clots, but some women do develop dark brown spotting or bleeding. You may also see this color blood toward the end of your normal menstrual period as your flow slows.
The bleeding after delivering a baby starts out heavy and may contain clots. It may appear dark red in color for the first three days before changing to different shades and textures. Women who had cesarean sections may only experience this heavy bleeding for the first 24 hours.
Your period may start with bright red bleeding. This means that the blood is fresh and is flowing quickly. Your blood may stay this way your whole period or may darken as your flow slows. Some infections, like chlamydia and gonorrhea , may cause bleeding between periods. Bleeding during pregnancy of any color may or may not be reason for alarm. Sometimes women have bleeding and go on to deliver healthy babies. Each case is unique. These noncancerous growths in the uterus may cause heavy flow during your periods or at other times throughout the menstrual cycle.
They can be large or small and cause other symptoms like pain and pressure. This lighter shade likely indicates that the blood has mixed with your cervical fluid, diluting its hue. Sometimes pink menstrual blood may indicate low estrogen levels in the body.
Estrogen helps to stabilize the uterine lining. Without this hormone, you may shed the lining at times throughout your cycle — leading to spotting of various colors, including pink. Uturria says nothing can really change the color of period blood—though if you're concerned with the amount of bleeding that comes with your period, you can talk to your doctor about birth control options like an IUD that might help reduce bleeding a bit or get rid of your periods altogether.
If you're concerned about your black or dark blood, bring it up during your next ob-gyn appointment—while it might not point to anything scary, it's worth having peace of mind.
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