Aspirin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug NSAID , which means that it works to decrease inflammation, but is not a steroid. There are other medications that are considered NSAIDs, though these work in a slightly different way from aspirin. The use of aspirin in history goes back to the early s, when a compound in willow bark, termed salicin, was found to reduce pain.
Aspirin may be used for conditions that range from minor aches and pains to arthritis and the prevention of heart attacks and strokes. Unfortunately, due to its effectiveness with fevers and minor aches and pains, it is a component of a very wide array of over-the-counter pain relievers, cold preparations, and more. Aspirin works in a few ways. It can help to prevent clot formation such as in heart attacks and strokes by inhibiting platelet function.
Platelets are the particles in the blood that cause a clot to form when you get a cut. It does this through inhibiting something called cyclooxygenase COX activity, which in turn inhibits compounds known as prostaglandins.
Prostaglandins are also responsible for fevers and pain. So by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, ASA may reduce not only clot formation but also fever and pain. Aspirin can be dangerous medically in two primary ways. It can directly cause problems or interact with medical treatments, or it can accentuate problems caused by other drugs or medical treatments that work in the same way. There are a few reasons why aspirin may not be a wise choice during treatment for leukemia and lymphomas.
Many of the treatments for blood cancers reduce the number or effectiveness of platelets. Aspirin use could augment this problem. In addition, treatments for leukemias and lymphomas may result in a low red blood cell count. ChEBI Name. A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group.
A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity. Supplier Information. Read full article at Wikipedia. Average Mass. Monoisotopic Mass. Roles Classification. Chemical Role s :. Today, aspirin is universally recognized as heart-attack prevention in men who have had prior heart attacks, and it has also shown to have benefits against stroke in women. More than one-third of all adults, and four out of five people with heart disease, use aspirin regularly, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention presented in a study.
And the number of regular aspirin users rose 20 percent from to Still, it's not necessarily the go-to for over-the-counter painkillers. In , pain relievers such as Advil, Tylenol and Aleve were among the top five analgesics sold; aspirin did not make the cut. The U. Preventive Services Task Force recommends that men 49 to 79 take aspirin to prevent heart attack, and that women 55 to 79 take it to guard against ischemic strokes, when the potential benefits outweigh the potential harms from an increase in gastrointestinal hemorrhage.
In other words, aspirin can increase bleeding because of decreased clotting, so if you have bleeding problems, it's not a good idea. People who need to take aspirin because of prior heart attack can reduce the risk of stomach bleeding by taking a medication that cuts down on stomach acid like omeprazole Prilosec , said Dr. Harvey Simon, associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. Still, "we don't like people to take medicine to reduce effects of another medicine," he said.
Aspirin's potential cancer benefits have come on the scene more recently, and there aren't standard guidelines in that regard.
The agency discourages taking aspirin to prevent colorectal cancer in people with average risk for that disease. Also, the mechanism isn't entirely understood, although the thought is that aspirin helps the body cut off blood supply to cancer growths, Jeffreys said. The ancient Sumerians and Egyptians, as well as Hippocrates, Celsus, Pliny the Elder, Dioscorides and Galen used these natural products as remedies for pain, fever and inflammation. The first "clinical trial" was reported by Edward Stone in with a successful treatment of malarial fever with the willow bark.
In the antirheumatic effect of salicin was described by T.
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